Stainless steel is an alloy material widely used in many industries, known for its excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. Among the many varieties of stainless steel, 304 and 316 stainless steel plates are the two most common and widely used types. Although they both belong to the category of stainless steel, there are significant differences in chemical composition, physical properties, corrosion resistance, and application areas.

1. Differences in chemical composition

First of all, from the perspective of chemical composition, the main difference between 304 and 316 stainless steel plates lies in the types and proportions of elements contained. According to ASTM A240/A240M-15, 304 stainless steel is mainly composed of 18-20% chromium (Cr) and 8-10.5% nickel (Ni), and also contains a small amount of carbon (C), manganese (Mn), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), silicon (Si) and other elements. On this basis, 316 stainless steel adds 2-3% molybdenum (Mo), which makes 316 stainless steel perform well in corrosion resistance.

Specifically, the chromium (Cr) element plays a role in increasing the hardness, strength, toughness and wear resistance of stainless steel, while also improving oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance. Nickel (Ni) helps maintain the toughness and plasticity of the material while enhancing corrosion resistance and heat resistance. The addition of molybdenum (Mo) significantly improves the strength, heat resistance and corrosion resistance of stainless steel, especially in high temperature and corrosive media.

2. Differences in physical properties

● Strength and heat resistance
Due to the addition of molybdenum to 316 stainless steel, its strength and heat resistance are relatively high. Molybdenum not only enhances the strength of stainless steel, but also improves its stability and creep resistance in high temperature environments. In contrast, although the strength and heat resistance of 304 stainless steel are also good, they are slightly inferior to 316 stainless steel. Therefore, in extreme environments such as high temperature and high pressure, 316 stainless steel performs better.

● Corrosion resistance
In terms of corrosion resistance, 316 stainless steel exhibits stronger corrosion resistance because it contains molybdenum. Especially in chloride-containing environments, such as seawater and certain chemical media, the corrosion resistance of 316 stainless steel is significantly better than that of 304 stainless steel. The addition of molybdenum effectively inhibits the corrosion tendency of stainless steel in chloride environments and prolongs the service life of the material.

3. Different application fields

● Application of 304 stainless steel sheet
304 stainless steel sheet is widely used in many fields due to its good corrosion resistance and processing performance. In home appliances, kitchenware, architectural decoration and food processing industries, 304 stainless steel is favored because of its moderate cost and stable performance. For example, stainless steel tableware, kitchen utensils, faucets, etc. in the home are often made of 304 stainless steel. In addition, in the general atmospheric environment, 304 stainless steel can also maintain good corrosion resistance.

● Application of 316 stainless steel sheet
In contrast, 316 stainless steel sheet is used in more severe environments due to its higher corrosion resistance and strength. 316 stainless steel has become the preferred material in marine engineering, chemical equipment, medical equipment and food processing where high corrosion resistance is required. For example, pipes, valves and pump bodies on offshore platforms are often made of 316 stainless steel to ensure long-term stable operation in high salinity and high humidity environments. In addition, many high-end medical devices are also made of 316 stainless steel to ensure its safety and durability.

4. Price difference

Because 316 stainless steel has molybdenum and more nickel elements added to its chemical composition, its production cost is relatively high, so its market price is also slightly higher than 304 stainless steel. Generally speaking, the price of purchasing 316 stainless steel sheet is more than 20,000 yuan per ton, while the price of 304 stainless steel sheet is between 15,000 and 20,000 yuan. This price difference requires a trade-off between the specific application scenario and budget when selecting materials.

5. Summary

There are significant differences between 304 and 316 stainless steel plates in terms of chemical composition, physical properties, corrosion resistance, and application areas. When selecting stainless steel plates, the most suitable material should be determined based on the specific use environment and needs. For general atmospheric environments and low-concentration acid environments, 304 stainless steel plates are sufficient; in situations that require higher corrosion resistance and strength, such as marine environments, chemical equipment, and medical equipment, 316 stainless steel plates are more suitable.

6. Why Zhengkuan Steel?

At Zhengkuan Steel, we are committed to delivering superior stainless steel coil products tailored to your needs. Here’s why you should choose us:

• Quality Assurance:We implement rigorous quality control processes to ensure you receive the best products.
• Expert Guidance: Our experienced team provides expert advice and support to help you select the right material for your project.
• Competitive Pricing: We offer premium products at competitive prices, ensuring excellent value for your investment.
• Customer Commitment: Your satisfaction is our top priority, and we strive to exceed your expectations with every interaction.

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